BAGHDAD — The Islamic State group is preventing people from fleeing Fallujah amid a military operation to recapture the city west of Baghdad, a local Iraqi official and aid groups said on Wednesday.

Thousands of civilians are estimated to remain inside Fallujah, located about 40 miles (65 kilometers) west of Baghdad, which IS has held for over two years. On Sunday, government forces launched a large-scale offensive, teaming up with paramilitary troops and backed by aerial support from the U.S.-led coalition.

Nearly 20 families have fled from Fallujah’s outskirts, where sporadic clashes have been taking place, since the offensive started, said Shakir al-Issawi, the head of the council in the nearby town of Amiriyat al-Fallujah. Al-Issawi said no families managed to flee Wednesday as IS militants tightly control the city outlets.

The Norwegian Refugee Council, an aid group working with refugees and the displaced in Iraq, reported that only 17 families has fled Fallujah since Sunday night and that most had fled from the city’s outskirts.

“There is no information for civilians about safe exits,” said Becky Bakr Abdullah, an NRC spokeswoman.

“There is also the fear of being killed for attempting to flee,” Abdullah said, explaining that multiple families said IS is threatening residents with death if they attempt to flee.

The International Organization for Migration put the number of newly displaced families at 125, about 750 individuals, in the past two days.

Meanwhile on Wednesday, the spokesman for the Popular Mobilization Forces, an umbrella group made up mostly of Shiite militias, said the forces continued to dislodge IS militants from key areas in the town of Garma, east of Fallujah, which is considered the main supply line for the militants.

Karim Al-Nouri added that forces had secured three safe corridors for families to flee, but the militants blocked those outlets to prevent them from leaving.